C++ Interview Questions For Freshers

 

What is C++ and its Advantages?

• C++ is an object-oriented programming language designed to address limitations of C. It incorporates concepts like polymorphism, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, objects, and classes.
• Advantages include:
  • Object-oriented approach
  • Multi-paradigm nature allowing diverse programming styles
  • Dynamic memory management
  • Mid-Level language suitable for various applications.

Different Data Types in C++

• C++ offers various data types categorized into fundamental, derived, and user-defined types.

Definition of 'std' Namespace

• 'std' stands for Standard and represents a namespace.
• "using namespace std" directive facilitates using std namespace elements globally.

Understanding References in C++

• A reference in C++ is an alias for an existing variable. Changes to the reference variable reflect in the original variable.

Call by Value vs. Call by Reference

• Call by Value passes a copy of a variable, while Call by Reference passes the variable's address.
• Call by Value doesn't alter the original value, whereas Call by Reference does.

Token in C++

• A token is the smallest unit understood by the compiler, including keywords, identifiers, constants, strings, special symbols, and operators.

Difference Between C and C++

• C is procedural, lacking OOPs support, while C++ is a mix of procedural and OOPs.
• C++ supports OOPs concepts like classes, objects, polymorphism, data abstraction, and encapsulation, which C doesn't.

Difference Between struct and class

• Struct members are public by default, while class members can be private, protected, or public.
• Structs are value types, while classes are reference types.

Difference Between Reference and Pointer

• References cannot be reassigned and must always reference an existing value, unlike pointers.
• Pointers can hold null values, whereas references cannot.
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Difference Between Function Overloading and Operator Overloading

• Function overloading defines multiple versions of a function with the same name but different parameters, enabling various function calls.
• Operator overloading redefines operators' meanings, allowing custom operations on objects.